What causes 18K gold plated jewelry to tarnish?

What causes 18K gold plated jewelry to tarnish?

What causes 18K gold plated jewelry to tarnish?

Tarnish is a reaction on the brass base, not on the gold itself. Gold is a noble, chemically inert metal, but the copper and zinc in brass oxidise when they meet oxygen, moisture and sulfur compounds in the air — producing the dark or greenish film people call tarnish.

The three main triggers

  • Friction: daily rubbing against skin, clothing and surfaces thins the 0.1-0.3 micron gold layer at contact points such as ring shanks and clasp edges.
  • Chemicals: perfume, hairspray, sunscreen, soap and chlorine soften the surface film and speed up reaction at any exposed spot.
  • Air and humidity: oxygen and moisture oxidise the base, and atmospheric sulfur darkens it further.

Because a plated layer is thin by design, tarnish becomes possible wherever friction or chemicals breach the coating. A continuous, polished gold layer plus correct wear and dry storage keeps the brass sealed and slows the process sharply. Hengdian (HD) Jewelry applies a measured 0.1-0.3 micron 18K gold layer over polished brass as our production standard.